Note

A square matrix with 1s on the diagonal and 0s elsewhere: multiplying by it leaves any matrix unchanged.

The Law of Cosines expresses the relationship between the length of a triangle's sides and one of its angles.

Roblox's 3D vector type.

An operation between two matrices that produces a new matrix via row-column dot products.

An operation between 2 vectors that returns a number.

A loss function for binary and multi-label classification, also known as log loss.

Resize images to a larger intermediate size before augmenting.

A loss function for multiclass classification: softmax followed by negative log-likelihood.

A measure of how well one probability distribution encodes events from another.

A measure of uncertainty — highest when all outcomes are equally likely, lowest when one dominates.